Going through the island, from the coast to the raised peaks, is like travel in time, in a way that when we contemplate the indigenous forest we try to imagine the primitive landscapes of habitats.

ZAMBUJAL
This is an arboreal climatic community dominated by the Wild Olive Tree (Olea maderensis) an endemic specie of Madeira that inhabits the declivous ravines of the coast, associate to another endemic shrub (Chamaemeles coriacea) of our archipelago whose conservation status is determined as in immediate danger.

In the herbaceous-shrub stratus we find other endemics as White Everlasting (Helichrysum melaleucum), that has aromatic and medicinal properties and the Golden Musschia (Musschia aurea) whose yellow-golden flowers, with a bell shape, cheer the landscapes of Madeira and Desertas Islands, as well as some species with a high scientific interest, due to their threat of extinction, as the Andryala (Andryala crithmifolia), the White Madeira Jasmine (Jasminum azoricum) and the Stonecrop (Aichryson dumosum).

LAURISSILVA DO BARBUSANO
This forest is a Madeira endemic community dominated by two laurels: the Canary Laurel (Apollonias barbujana) and the Laurel Tree (Laurus novocanariensis), even so is associated with other species as the Iron Wood (Sidenoxylon marmulano var. marmulano) and the Canary Holly (Ilex canariensis var. canariensis); not so frequent Macaronesia endemic species.
This forest has one raised wealth of endemic woody liana and climbing plants from Macaronesia and others from Madeira of which we emphasize the Sarsa parilla (Smilax aspera), Canary Bindweed (Smilax canariensis), the Edible Bryony (Tamus edulis) and the rare Madeira Bindweed (Convolvulus massonii) that is in immediate danger.

LAURISSILVA DO VINHÁTICO
Riparian forest is associated to water courses and dominated by Madeira Mahogany (Persea indicates), (Salix canariensis) and Laurel Tree (Laurus novocanariensis). In the shrub stratus predominates the Madeira Elder (Sambucus lanceolata), the Bastard Hare's Ear (Phyllis nobla) and the Large-Leaved Saint John's Wort (Hypericum grandifolium).
At the herbaceous level the prominence goes for the ferns, as the Chain Fern (Woodwaria radicans), the (Diplazium caudatum) and the (Pteris incompleta), and still for some Madeira's endemic spermatophytes as the (Festuca donax), (Parafestuca albida) and the Madeira Moneywort (Sibthorpia peregrina).
Two of the most beautiful plants that we can find in this community are the Madeira Orchid (Dactylorhiza foliosa) and the Madeira Squill (Scilla maderensis var. maderensis).

LAURISSILVA DO TIL
On the North coast and interior of the Island there is a great diversity of endemic trees that are part of an arboreal climatic community, dominated by Fetid Laurel (Ocotea foetens), Laurel Tree (Laurus novocanariensis) and Lily-of-the-Vally tree (Clethra arborea). Here it is also possible to find the Beefwood (Heberdenia excelsa), the Madeira Holly (Ilex perado ssp. perado) and still the rare Madeira Cheese Wood (Pittosporum coriaceum) that is in immediate danger. In the shrub level we point out the presence of the endemics like the Besom Heath (Erica platycodon ssp. maderincola), the Madeira Blueberry (Vaccinium padifolium), the Yellow Fox Glove (Isoplexis sceptrum) and the Shrubby Sow Thistle (Sonchus fruticosos).
In the herbaceous plants group the prominence goes for the Madeira Stork's Bill (Geranium maderense), a plant with pink flowers, extremely rare in the natural state, that inhabits the high zones of the Laurel Forest and wet places of the central mountainous massif of Madeira Island.

URZAL DE ALTITUDE
The higher altitudes of Madeira are in the central mountainous massif. In these places we can find an endemic community dominated by Tree Heath (Erica arborea) and Besom Heath (Erica platycodon ssp. maderincola) species whose ecological niche is to captive water from mist clouds by precipitation of water.
In this community some endemic species such as the Madeira Blueberry (Vaccinium padifolium), the Madeira Mountain Ash (Sorbus maderensis) and the Madeira Grey Heather (Erica maderensis) are frequent.
The great treasure of this habitat is the set of herbaceous plants that bewitches all the ones that contemplate these precious. From this group we distinguish the rare Madeira Thrift (Armeria maderensis), the Madeira Violet (Viola paradoxa) that is a rarity with shining yellow flowers that lives "hidden" in inaccessible rocky cliffs, the Madeira Kidney (Anthyllis lemanniana) and the Rock Orchid (Orchis scopolorum) that inhabits the high rocky cliffs.