Order: Passeriformes
Family: Fringillidae
Genus: Carduelis
Species: spinus

Portuguese name: Lugre
Madeira Island resident breeder
Social: Flocks
Length: 15 cm
Status: Secure

Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Sternidae
Genus: Sterna
Species: fuscata
Synonimous: Onychoprion fuscatus

Portuguese name: Gaivina-de-dorso-preto or Garajau-escuro
Selvagem Pequena breeder
Social: Solitary or in Pairs
Length: 42 – 45 cm
Status: Least Concerned

Order: Procellariiformes
Family: Procellariidae
Genus: Calonectris
Species: diomedea
Sub-species: borealis

Description
Cory's Shearwater is the largest sea bird that breed in Madeira Archipelago. It is a migrant bird with white underparts, long and slightly rounded wings and dark brown and grey upper parts. It has a greyish head with no marked cap and a yellowish thin bill. Cory's Shearwaters flight is relaxed low, very close to sea and weaving its body through the waves.

Distribution
In the Madeira archipelago this bird is present between March and October, for the breeding season. It spends the remaining months of the year on the high seas. Corys can be seen on all islands of the archipelago with Selvagens having the biggest number of birds per square meter. In Madeira Island it is common to hear them after sunset near the coastline all around the island.

Habitat
In Madeira, this species nest mainly in sea cliffs while in Selvagens it builds its nests on holes on the ground or under big rocks, but never too far from the ocean. Though the best habitat to observe this bird is on a seawatching trip

Breeding
Cory's Shearwaters build their nests in holes in rocky sea cliffs or burrows on the ground. It lays one egg on the unique annual brood, between May and June. Incubation period is 54 days and the chick leaves its nest by October.

Madeiran name: Cagarra
Madeira Archipelago migrant breeder
Social: Flocks
Length: 45 - 56 cm
Status: Vulnerable

Order: Charadriiformes
Family: Sternidae
Genus: Sterna
Species: dougallii

Description
Roseate Tern is similar to Common Tern though a good observation will highlight the Roseate’s almost white upperparts and underwings, longer tail and black bill.

Distribution
This is a rare species that can be found in Madeira and Azores archipelagos and very locally through Northwest Europe (mainly UK, North of France and Spain). It occurs in Madeira island, where it breeds, though there was breeding records of it in Porto Santo and Ilhéu de Fora in Selvagens sub-archipelago.

Habitat
Roseate Terns are coastal birds that are usually seen close to harbours, rocky or sandy islets and sea cliffs.

Breeding
Its nests are usually in rocky islets or on quiet coastal cliffs. It lays 1 or 2 eggs in a single brood between May and June. This is the normal breeding behaviour for the Roseate Tern though Madeira Wind Birds has taken photos of an adult feeding a juvenile in February 2007 that can be an evidence of a winter brood.

Madeira name: Garajau rosado
Portuguese name:Gaivina rosada
Madeira Island breeder
Social:Small flocks
Length: 33 - 38 cm
Status: Endangered

Order: Passeriformes
Family: Estrildidae
Genus: Estrilda
Species: astrild

Description
Waxbill is an African species introduced in Madeira where it now breeds locally in places with reeds. It has a stripped brownish body with upper part darker than lower part. It is easily identified by its red bill and eye-mask on adults. Younger birds have dark brown bill and paler body. Females and males are not easily distinguish as they seem very similar in colours and size.

Distribution
This bird can be found at sea-shore level on both Madeira and Porto Santo islands.

Habitat
in Madeira waxbills are found in habitats with tall grass as marshes or reed beds, usually near fresh water.

Breeding
Waxbills nests are built deep in dense vegetation with grass stems interlaced on a large ball shape. This species lays between 4 to 6 eggs on each brood which vary between 1 to 4 annually. Male and female incubate the eggs for almost two weeks until the chicks hatch and then feed the chicks for two to three more weeks until the young birds fledge.

Madeira/Portuguese name: Bico de Lacre
Madeira and Porto Santo Islands breeder
Social:Flocks
Length: 11 - 13 cm
Status: Least concern

Order: Procellariiformes
Family: Procellariidae
Genus: Bulweria
Species: bulwerii

Description
An all-dark petrel with slim body, large wingspan proportionally to body, pointed wings and long tail. Its head is small with small bill that is distinctive for this species. There is no clear sexual dimorphism, despite bill and tarsus being longer in males. Bulwer’s petrel flight is usually not high from seawater, especially on strong winds and it flies alone or in pairs.

Distribution
This seabird is a species of tropical and subtropical waters, ranging from 10º S to 40º N, in Northeast Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. In the Atlantic it breeds on the Canary Islands, all Madeira archipelago islands and on some islets of Cape Verde and Azores.

Habitat
Bulwer’s petrel is an oceanic bird that only comes to land at night and during the breeding season. In land it prefers rocky islands or islets with little or none disturbance. They feed on small fish on the surface.

Breeding
Nests are usually natural holes in the ground or cliffs, not excavated. The breeders of Bulwer's Petrels start to be seen inland Madeira around April and they lay the egg between late May and middle June with fledging occurring in September.

Madeira name: Alma negra
Madeira popular name (called by fishermen): Tinhosa
Madeira Archipelago migrant breeder
Social: Solitary or in pairs
Length: 26 - 28 cm
Wingspan: 67 – 72 cm
Status: Least Concern
Seasonality in Madeira: April to September
Also known as:
Petrell de Bulwer
Bulwersturmvogel
Petrel de Bulwer
Tyrskyliitäjä
Pétrel de Bulwer
Berta di Bulwer
Bulwers Stormvogel
Spisshalepetrell
Spetsstjärtad petrell

Order: Gruiformes
Family: Ralliidae
Genus: Gallinula
Species: chloropus

Description
The Moorhen has a brownish-black body with a white diagonal stripe on both sides of the body and a white patch under the tail. The bill extends over the front part of the face and is short with a yellow tip. The feet and toes are relatively long and are greenish yellow in colour. There are no differences in appearance between adults; the young birds have brownish colouring.

Distribution
This bird is found all over the world except in Australia and in cold countries. In the Madeira archipelago it can be seen in Porto Santo, alongside the streams, while in Madeira it occurs only in the Lugar de Baixo lagoon, where it was first recorded as a visitor and has now been nesting since 2003.

Habitat
The Moorhen is always associated to fresh water areas, generally with dense vegetation and other types of aquatic birds. It feeds on plants, weeds and insects.

Breeding
The bird builds its nest next to water, in a roofed basket covered with leaves and branches. The Moorhen lays between 4 and 10 eggs at a time with 3 clutches being possible annually between April and August. The incubation period lasts for about 3 weeks and the chicks are relatively large when they hatch. They have black plumage and are soon ready to follow the adults to the water.

Madeiran name: Galinha-d’-água
Madeira Island resident breeder
Social: Small flocks
Length: 32 – 35 cm
Status: Regionally endangered /Secure worldwide